Rena : I'm not 100% sure how, since this is not my specialty, but pathologist means they actually dissected my testicles and examined them microscopically (after GRS, looking for abnormalities like cancer etc. that I might want to be aware of, which was actually a nice touch from the surgeon/hospital). I'm willing to trust that an expert could determine that they had atrophied or otherwise become nonfunctional. Pathologists make that sort of permanent-damage determination about organs a lot, I think.
"Permanently not functioning" was the literal phrase used, except in French... meaning no testosterone, no sperm, and therefore no fertility. I was OK with it. ЁЯЩВ