I've never considered wigs a "graduation" thing, perhaps because my own hair was well below my shoulders long before I ever bought a wig. I've always worn long hair and wigs just because I love hair and hairstyling.
You can certainly wear your hair long under a wig just fine. If you're one of the lucky ones with super thick hair, you can still contain it under a wig. Just pull it back in a high pony, then wind it flat against the upper back of the head and secure it with a few Bobbie pins. A wig cap is an easy alternative to this and many people prefer them. I don't, though. Living in a warm climate, I prefer to wear wigs without one because it seems cooler and less itch-prone.
I've never used weaves, but I have used removable extensions. The absolute best type is called "Flip in Hair" or "Halo Hair". Do a YouTube search for some great videos on these. It's one or more wefts of hair on a single loop thread about 6-7" in diameter. You lay it on top of your head, then pull your top hair though the loop. Your own hair holds the loop in place, so there's no need for clips. It just feels like your own hair.
Unforch, the loop thing only gives you length or volume, though, and doesn't help on top. You can get top pieces, some even with lace fronts, though. The trick with any extensions is to have a pro match the color to your own. Don't order them yourself from the Internet because you almost certainly won't match your color.
~ Lyric ~