...I thought of something you could look into that would give you a legal form of ID that you could carry with you like a driver's license. In addition to supplying standard passport "books" for international travel, the U.S. State Department also issues
passport "cards" that prove your citizenship and identity. They are geared towards those who cross the border on a regular basis (they aren't valid for international air travel), but any U.S. citizen who can get a regular passport can also get a passport card. Since these follow the State Department's policy (as opposed to your state's) when it comes to gender markers, if you live in a state that requires surgery (or more treatment than you have had) to change the gender marker you can get one of those cards with the correct gender on it. Except for driving purposes (where you'd need to show the driver's license) or when you need to prove your residence (your address is shown on most DLs and state IDs but not on passports/passport books), for most other uses that ask for ID the passport card should work (and is not cumbersome to carry with you like the full passport book).