Quote from: stephaniec on February 29, 2016, 09:33:31 PMmy therapist has suggested going on anti anxiety medication which at first I balked at , but I realize she's right so I'm going to try to start it.
Progesterone is naturally anxiolytic due to the actions of its metabolite, allopregnanolone, a sedative, especially high when taken orally. Anxiolytics work the same way by enhancing GABA action.
Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology 2007, Vol. 15, No. 5, 427–444
Progesterone: Review of Safety for Clinical Studies"in a placebo-controlled study, patients with premenstrual mood disorder did report drowsiness but reported improvements in anxiety, depression, and stress"
J Womens Health Gend Based Med. 2000 May;9(4):381-7."women using micronized progesterone-containing HRT
experienced significant improvement in vasomotor symptoms, somatic
complaints, and anxiety and depressive symptoms."
Prog Neurobiol. 2014 Feb;113:79-87."Reduced levels of allopregnanolone in the peripheral blood or cerebrospinal fluid were found to be associated with major depression, anxiety disorders, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, negative symptoms in schizophrenia, or impulsive aggression. The importance of allopregnanolone for the regulation of emotion and its therapeutical use in depression and anxiety may not only involve GABAergic mechanisms, but probably also includes enhancement of neurogenesis, myelination, neuroprotection, and regulatory effects on HPA axis function."
Obstet Gynecol. 1997 Nov;90(5):709-14."To evaluate
the anxiolytic 3alpha-5alpha-reduced progesterone metabolite allopregnanolone in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle in women with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and controls."
"Subjects with PMS manifested lower levels of the anxiolytic metabolite allopregnanolone in the luteal phase when compared with controls. Diminished concentrations of allopregnanolone in women with PMS may lead to an inability to enhance gamma aminobutyric acid-mediated inhibition during states of altered central nervous system excitability, such as ovulation or physiologic or psychological stress. The lowered metabolite levels could contribute to the genesis of various mood symptoms of the disorder, such as anxiety, tension, and depression."
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
Volume 46, Part 3, October 2014, Pages 465–471"Panic disorder is twice a common in women than in men. In women, susceptibility to panic increases during the late luteal (premenstrual) phase of the menstrual cycle, when progesterone secretion is in rapid decline."
"We show in females how a rapid fall in progesterone secretion, such as occurs during the late dioestrus phase of the ovarian cycle in rats (similar to the late luteal phase in women), triggers a neuronal withdrawal response during which the excitability of the midbrain panic circuitry increases as a result of upregulation of extrasynaptic GABAA receptors on inhibitory interneurones in the PAG. The withdrawal effect is due not to the native hormone but to its neuroactive metabolite allopregnanolone."
Progesterone is also used in women with post-partum depression (i.e. post-pregnancy).
Finasteride/dutasteride reduce allopregnanolone concentrations in the brain and may increase anxiety.
J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2015 Feb;146:74-9."Observations performed in a subset of patients treated for male pattern hair loss indicate that persistent sexual side effects as well as anxious/depressive symptomatology have been reported even after discontinuation of finasteride treatment."
"Although severity of the anxious/depressive symptoms was quite variable in their frequency, overall all the subjects had a fairly complex and constant neuropsychiatric pattern. Assessment of neuroactive steroid levels in CSF showed a decrease of PROG and its metabolites"
PROG = progesterone
Paradoxically, in some, high levels of allopregnanolone increase anxiety, irritability (or perhaps, it is the fluctuation?).
Neuropsychopharmacology. 2016 Mar;41(4):1093-102."we stabilized neurosteroid levels by administering the 5α-reductase inhibitor dutasteride to block conversion of progesterone to its neurosteroid metabolite allopregnanolone in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) and in asymptomatic control women."
"Stabilization of allopregnanolone levels from the follicular to the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle by blocking the conversion of progesterone to its 5α-reduced neurosteroid metabolite mitigates symptoms in PMDD."