Sorry you're being misgendered. It's always uncomfortable, but it's worse coming from someone who you thought knew better.
It's hard to give specific advice about where/how you can get started transitioning, not knowing which country you're in, the laws there, which countries you'd be able to travel to, etc. I can give some general information, hopefully it will be useful to you.
Different people approach transition in different ways. Not everyone gets surgery, for example. Some people only get hormones. Some people get surgery, but no hormones. Some people get hormones, top surgery, a hysterectomy (removal of the female reproductive system - required for most kinds of bottom surgery) but no bottom surgery. Some people get hormones, top surgery, hysterectomy, and bottom surgery. You hopefully get the idea - these are all
options and not everyone goes for every option.
The order people do things is different too. Some people get on hormones first, then surgery. Some people get surgery first (I got top surgery before going on testosterone). Some places/surgeons require things in a specific order, others don't.
Whether you have to be "confirmed" or formally diagnosed with gender dysphoria depends a lot on where you live, and the laws there. In some places, you can get surgery and/or hormones on "informed consent" - basically signing a lot of paperwork saying you understand the risks and want to go through with it. In other places you have to get a letter from at least one psychiatrist stating that you have gender dysphoria and hormones/surgery is the appropriate treatment.
There isn't really a "best" place to get surgery. It depends on the individual's needs and preferences. One person might think a surgeon's results are great, and another might not like them and want a different surgeon. Cost varies too, some people's insurance pays for some or all of surgery/hormones, while others have to pay entirely out of pocket. Some surgeons charge more than others for the same procedure, and some procedures cost more than others.
Be wary, there is a lot of misinformation about bottom surgery for FTMs. A lot of people have heard out-of-date, or inaccurate information, and spread it unknowingly. It isn't true that bottom surgery never allows for erections. There are two basic kinds of bottom surgery for FTMs, metoidioplasty and phalloplasty, although there are multiple variations of both procedures.
Testosterone causes the clitoris to grow bigger. Metoidioplasty uses this. This article explains it better than I can, and talks about some variations on metoidioplasty:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MetoidioplastyThe penis resulting from a metoidioplasty can generally achieve erections on its own. The final size depends mostly on how much "growth" resulted from testosterone. Some FTMs use DHT cream applied directly, and/or "pumping" to achieve more growth - some surgeons recommend these things before metoidioplasty.
Phalloplasty uses tissue taken from elsewhere on the body. Within certain limits, mostly due to where the tissue is taken from, a guy can choose approximately how large the final result will be. There is an option with phalloplasty to make erections possible. They can implant erectile rods. Not everyone who gets phalloplasty chooses to get the erectile implant, but it is possible, so a penis resulting from phalloplasty can achieve erection too.
Again here's an article with more information:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PhalloplastyA common bit of misinformation about phalloplasty is that the result doesn't have erotic sensation. This isn't true, a lot of FTMs who get phalloplasty have erotic sensation afterwards.