Psychiatric Comorbidity Among Children With Gender Identity Disorder. {abstract}

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Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. 46(10):1307-1314, October 2007.
WALLIEN, MADELEINE S.C. M.Sc.; SWAAB, HANNA Ph.D.; COHEN-KETTENIS, PEGGY T. Ph.D.

Results: Fifty-two percent of the children diagnosed with GID had one or more diagnoses other than GID. As expected, more internalizing (37%) than externalizing (23%) psychopathology was present in both boys and girls. Furthermore, the odds ratios of having internalizing or externalizing comorbidity were 1.28 and 1.39 times higher, respectively, in the clinical comparison group (ADHD group) than in the GID group. Finally, 31% of the children with GID suffered from an anxiety disorder.