I feel you, to be honest.
Went to a pretty small school in nowhere MN and anyone who wasn't white was already given crap. Then anyone who wasn't straight/cis is just going to have a ball. So for me, being a black bi trans-man, I was put through hell and back and feel you.
I did do one thing that always works. Got me in some trouble but I'm a smooth talker with authority, so it works. Be sarcastic and learn to talk back some. Talking back is fun because if they do in fact hit you first, which rarely happened for me but I can't say the same for you, it's not really a "you struck first" thing. It's more of a "they lost their temper and hit first for no real reason" situation. Plus, people think you don't give a crap, don't care, and it's no more fun.
Also, if people or teachers call you by your birth name, don't respond. My first day of junior year, I simply stood up and told everyone, "i go by Chris. I will give you this semester to call me *birthname*. After that, I won't respond. Don't care if you're a teacher cause this applies to you as well.". Second semester, I wasn't joking. Senior year came and people called me Chris like I asked. Some said my birthname and I don't respond. Keep on with me, trying to be cute, and I suddenly turn, snap, get a little aggressive, put them down, and leave the area. Usually worked like a charm.
An example I can give you are my high school experiences. I got called the n-word quite often. Cotton-picker, ex(or current) slave, Kunta Kinte, Toby, Hood rat, hood n***er, etc. etc. I simply responded, serious as it gets or bored, "Oh wooooow, *insert insult* again? Please come up with a new name. You're hicks. You hunt. I know there's a brain somewhere in that camo covered thing you call a head."
I talked back. Told people the amount of f*s I give is synonymous to the respect the racist kids give me. I learned to simply... Not care. Then turned it back on people. Call me a name, I'll insult you worse. Disrespect your entire bloodline. Bring your dog into it. I can be nasty when I want to be and the "bullies" found that out the hard way. I earned the title of someone who will not take peoples crap. I'd even shut a teacher up temporarily to put someone in their place. Can't slip once or they'll use that opportunity to figure out the best times to mess with you. By the time I graduated no one bothered me. My brothers are safe to because I did get in a scrape once or twice and showed I can fight and am quite brutal. I simply choose not to. Apparently self control mixed with someone who can seriously do damage, with a dash of "I was holding back btw" calmly, makes for someone who nobody will want to mess with.
I'm not telling you to go ahead and beat up everyone. But fight with words. It's quite funny and usually works as, if done right, people get tired of bothering you simply because it's now conditioned it their heads to expect an insult right back. People who made it a game to insult you will leave you alone since they are probably not in the mood to get roasted. Everyone can't fight but you can learn to talk back, hold your own, be strong, and go about life.
People aren't nice to us so we gotta learn some way to defend ourselves. For me it's the gym and fighting verbally, physically as a last resort. Maybe you can fight verbally. You might get in trouble but if you do just own it flat out. Tell both sides fairly. After that, the people who control your punishments would know you as someone who only gets in trouble when attacked first. Otherwise you're docile.
