The legacy of Magnus Hirschfeld
IN HINDSIGHT / A gay liberation movement destroyed by hatred
Alistair Newton / Toronto / Thursday, May 20, 2010
http://www.xtra.ca/public/Toronto/The_legacy_of_Magnus_Hirschfeld-8685.aspxMay 14 marks the 75th anniversary of the death of Dr Magnus Hirschfeld. Seventy-two years before Stonewall, Hirschfeld founded one of the world's earliest gay rights groups. Its primary goal was the elimination of Paragraph 175 — the legislation that made gay sex illegal in Germany.
Following its catastrophic defeat in the First World War, Germany established a new democratic republic, known as the Weimar Republic. Weimar-era Berlin was a tilt-a-whirl of economic uncertainty, political upheaval, sexual liberation and personal freedom.
The city boasted 120 newspapers, 40 theatres, as many as 80 gay bars, and — according to a police commissioner of the time — 25,000 rent boys. The flourishing gay culture in Weimar Berlin led Christopher Isherwood to quip famously that he went to the city because "Berlin meant boys."