I'm assuming you're in the U.S. where insurance typically covers next to nothing.
The cost of transition is different for everybody and depends on what exactly you want to accomplish. If you want to do a lot, then unfortunately $10,000 won't be enough.

But it definitely puts you in a good position to get started with your transition.
Hormones and Therapy: This is covered under most insurance plans, and my copays and prescription costs end up being about $20 a month.
Facial and body hair removal: If laser works for you, it can be as cheap as $1,000 to get your beard removed. If you have to go electrolysis though, that alone can cost $10,000-$20,000 depending on the density of it. HRT eventually will help a lot with body hair, but if you have particularly thick or dense body hair and don't want to wait the years that it can take, you're looking at another few thousand dollars for laser.
SRS: Depending on the surgeon, anywhere from $10k-$25k
Facial feminization surgery: This depends heavily on the surgeon and the amount of work needed. It can cost anywhere from $5k for just minor work to $50k or even more if you want major revisions.