Quote from: T.K.G.W. on April 08, 2016, 01:02:22 PM
Actually I think most professions were male dominated because men were and always have been expected to be employed/work, and women were not always expected to be. Not because 'Patriarchy' was intent upon preventing women from doing it.
Males being expected to be the ones working is
part of a patriarchal society
Quote from: T.K.G.W. on April 08, 2016, 01:02:22 PM
But women have always been on the crafty side throughout human history - as in skilled craftspeople - activities like weaving, embroidering, tailoring and making jewellery were some of the earliest human examples of craft and were probably accomplished by women due to the division of hard-to-soft labor between males and females. So if you wanna say males were "professional" jewelers or tailors - I'd bet women were the "unprofessional" or unsung masters for millennia before that.
Yeah there definitely are unsung females out there but that doesn't mean that historically the males don't outweigh the females, particularly in high art and goldsmithing (which historically were cross-over areas, such as benvenuto cellini and lorenzo ghiberti). In terms of bench jewellery skills like diamond setting, raising, polishing and engraving, in my experience there are more men doing it.
Women and crafts have a very interesting history. Of course it was mostly women, particularly affluent women, doing things like hand embroidery and paper cutting, but that's probably also one of the reasons crafts are perceived as less valuable than arts (like painting and sculpture) - crafts are associated with women and aren't as highbrow as fine arts (in a patriarchal society). Crafts are associated with women because women weren't encouraged to do fine arts. They weren't allowed to draw naked life models, for example, and I doubt many women before the turn of the century were entering into apprenticeships in workshops at 13. The RA had 34 founding members, but only two of them were women. There was even an idea that watercolours were for women and oils were for men...
but despite being associated by most people with crafts, and therefore with women, fine jewellery and goldsmithing historically were artisanal like painting and sculpture, and were male dominated (with a few exceptions remembered for being exceptions), and there are still more men in the industry in the UK from what I've seen.
I think women really entered the industry probably about the Arts and Crafts movement in the late 19th century. There are a lot of female goldsmiths who are successful and well known now, but up until less than two hundred years ago, i don't think there were any. There's a reason one of the oldest guilds in the UK is called the incorporation of hammer
men.
Quote from: T.K.G.W. on April 08, 2016, 01:02:22 PMAnd women as celebrated craftspeople? 'Patriarchy' couldn't stop them being so. Ever heard of Artemisia Gentileschi? Famous female painter in the 1600s, when you'd expect that male-dominated environment to have chewed her up and spat her out for even trying. She was famous and celebrated in her own lifetime, joined a prestigious academy of arts and even painted lots of her own interpretations of Biblical women, and a damn good painter... which is more than can be said for the fortunes of some of her male colleagues. Maybe she was lucky, but knowing the art world myself I think it's just determination and skill.
Yeah i've heard of Artemisia Gentileschi, but one female Baroque painter becoming successful doesn't mean that patriarchy doesn't exist. Remember that she had to submit to thumbscrews in order for a court to believe that she wasn't lying about being raped. That doesn't sound like a female friendly society. Also there are female painters like Judith Leyster whose work was attributed to male painters (in Leyster's case Frans Hals) because female painters were so rare that people didn't/ don't believe that they existed. This isn't necessarily because they didn't, but because the bias towards males (i.e. a patriarchal society) meant that they weren't recorded.
People definitely still associate the word 'jewellery' with females and femininity, and it's interesting the difference in what people (who perceive me as female) think i do with my degree, and what they think my cis male boyfriend does with his identical one. Think benvenuto cellini, william morris or CR ashbee for him and
etsy.com for me.
I'm not saying goldsmithing 'belongs' to men or that it's even an inherently gendered pursuit at all, i'm just saying i get a lot of misgendering because of my degree and it helps me to remember the history