I found this bit of support for the limited effects of testosterone on aggressive behaviour. While not directly associated with gender it does offer a clue to the biosocial model of childhood development.
Aggression and testosterone: Testing a bio-social model
Anne Campbell 1 *, Steven Muncer 2, Josie Odber 2
1Psychology Department, Durham University, England
2School of Social Studies, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, England
*Correspondence to Anne Campbell, Psychology Department, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, England
Keywords
testosterone ï aggression ï masculinity ï instrumental
Abstract
Based upon reports of a positive correlation between circulating testosterone levels and aggression, we draw upon evolutionary psychology to place the action of testosterone in a broader perspective. We propose that testosterone affects competitive status-seeking and that under certain circumstances (including youth) this is expressed as aggression. Involvement in aggression in turn is associated with adherence to an instrumental social representation of aggression which justifies aggression as a means of imposing control over others and increasing self-esteem. Measures of salivary testosterone, masculinity, preferred social representation of aggression, and multiple aggression scales were collected from an undergraduate sample of 119 men. An Aggression factor was derived from principle components analysis of the aggression measures. The strongest correlates of Aggression were holding an instrumental social representation of aggression and youth. Testosterone showed no significant relationship to the single or aggregate measures of aggression or to any of the other psychometric measures. We suggest ways in which previous work may have over-estimated the strength of the association between circulating testosterone and aggression and discuss the possible relationships between age, social representation, and aggression. Aggr. Behav. 23:239-238, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
If anyone is interested I can get the entire article from my computer at work.