Hey there, I am also 23 and I can relate to a lot of what you say.
Lets start off with the basics, your young so why panic now but really seek a therapist in the topic because if this is the route you decide on then the earlier you start the happier youll be.
I have been "trans" since I was 16 but due to life and finances and LIFE and FINANCES, I still present as male and I still have a majority male friends. This is in part because of what I studied and the career field I decided to go in which is like 80% male. However in my first degree I found many women with my interests, however women sharing interest we picked up growing up as boys are rare as society shuns these women forcing them to in essence change who they are.
Maybe I am biased I mean of course the women I meet in game design like video games etc, but people exist of all likes so this shouldn't be a reason to doubt yourself, you were after all brought up in a culture and culture is a powerful thing. Being in the closet is hard and anytime I left out my real personality my male friends describe me as weird and cringe which is proof to me they will all be left behind once I go full time. This however is not a bad thing because were young and friends are easier to come by then we believe, anyways enough on this topic.
You mention jealously! Personally I am bi but the thought of a penis near me is "meh" but when I look at a women I go "I would kill for those boobs" and at the same time yup shes got it going on haha. This jealously in essence drives my dysphoria as it something that cant really be undone but controlled through the so called "transition process". Transition was good for me but hey I was unlucky got the shoulders of a Hercules so it undermines all my growth!
So whats transition and how will it effect your life, especially if you like me and you would rather be thought as of male then get all the terrible bias that come with being trans in 2018 with all the crazy SJWs making us look like crazy people. Well small things arent really an issue, when I grew out my hair all the guys were like if you were a chick I would ****, you know typical jokes but it wont really get you much issues if you ponytail. However starting young has a chance to do what happened to me which is to get hips and this is the hardest hurdle as breast can be hidden but hips nope these cant. ALL male clothes just look wrong on me now and that both great but horrible if your trying to hide.
Sheesh I am waffling! But thats good this isnt something simple!
Now again you mention you dont have female traits and hello megan! but really what you deem as female traits are really just societal normalities picked up when growing up and you be surprised how little this matters as an adult. I have a few female friends where are more "male" then me in their actions and do you think they are outcast for it? NOPE.
How you describe your friend makes me propose just 1 question to you, can you live without them and make new ones? I mean thats what I will do its sad yes but life will be much easier for me if I dont have the trans stigma which as you describe is being seen as a "pervert". Most people particularly in recent years thanks to insane people playing professional victims along with SJWs have completely ruined the image of the trans community for modern day youth and this is a stigma that your friends will know.
Look it wont be easy but look around see how many trans people cant handle the nag anymore and end up break up families etc because they tried to ignore it rather then tackle it. I really suggest go see a therapist on the topic even just once, face it now and deal with it now so the majority of your life isnt filled with regret for which choice you make.
Feel free to pm me if you need someone your age to chat with.

Signed! who knows I havent chosen a good name yet!