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Started by Natasha, June 21, 2008, 03:40:31 PM
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Quote from: Natasha on June 22, 2008, 05:03:13 AMmore here.
Quote from: Ivanca Savic, Karolinska Institute, Retzius väg 8, 171 77 Stockholm, SwedenOne of the most intriguing issues in the field of olfaction is whether pheromone transduction exists also in humans. Many researchers are skeptical because it is uncertain whether the pheromone signals can be conveyed to the brain, as the accessory olfactory nerve in humans is vestigial, disappearing before birth. Although the vomeronasal organ can be identified in the nasal cavity below the olfactory mucosa in a majority of humans, it does not harbour functional neuronal elements,3 and with one exception all putative members of the vomeronasal receptor family in the human genome are pseudogenes.4 Other scientists are more positive, taking support from several behavioural studies implicating an involvement of putative pheromones in regulating endocrine-dependent behaviours such as menstruation. For example, female axillary extract applied to the upper lip it shown to alter the timing of ovulation and menstruation of the recipient.5 This phenomenon is suggested to underlie the menstrual synchrony among roommates and is presumably mediated by the hypothalamus. Furthermore, it has recently been reported that a putative pheromone receptor gene is expressed in human olfactory mucosa.4 Consequently, there is a theoretical possibility that putative pheromones in humans, like for example in ferrets and pigs, could have an effect on the hypothalamus via the nasal mucosa.