Quote from: Jamie D on January 03, 2012, 06:06:30 PM
The 1878 and 1972 cases both directly addressed the application of the 14th and 1st Amendments to the facts of the cases. What you suggest is clear judicial activism. You can read the majority opinion and concurrences for both cases at FindLaw. The rationale behind Reynolds is particularly important. If upheld, the issue of same-sex marriage must be settled on political grounds, rather than by judicial fiat.
3 of the recent cases I cited (certainly more recent than 1878) dealt with public, not private, behavior.
Loving v Virginia is most applicable - unless Reynolds has overturned Loving! It shows that the 14th can be applied to marriage, and that it can limit a state's ability to limit marriage. The key question, assuming Loving was a good decision, is, since the constitution doesn't even mention marriage, where does the constitutional right to marriage come from?
As for clear judicial activism, I'm not sure it was clear. It would also make Griswold judicial activism, as well as Loving, and Lawrence. After all, nothing on a literal reading gaurantees the right to education about condoms, being able to marry outside of one's "own" race, or prohibits states from prosecuting sodomy. There's no literal words that spell out the right to privacy, the sanctity of marriage, etc, in the Constitution.
Likewise, for Brown v Board of Education, what gives the US Supreme Court the right to regulate schools? Isn't that a State task? Yet, the 14th ammendment clearly applied. As Brown's decision states:
"In approaching this problem, we cannot turn the clock back to 1868, when the Amendment was adopted, or even to 1896, when Plessy v. Ferguson was written. We must consider public education in the light of its full development and its present place in American life throughout the Nation. Only in this way can it be determined if segregation in public schools deprives these plaintiffs of the equal protection of the laws."
I would say the same argument applies to marriage. But I think we shall soon see (I also think current law violates the full faith and credit clause, but that's another issue entirely).