Okay, what I know is from med school training and the appropriate medical textbooks.
I'm just going to state my own example:
1) I always had a low voice. I know many say they have a low voice, but mine was low enough to pass pre-T. My voice is lower than some I know that have been on T for years, it just lacked (up til now) the typical male resonance. Many thought I was already on hormones when I was still trying to get T.
2) I've always had a degree of facial hair and been shaving since I was 15, especially sides of where a mustache would be, and chin.
3) I have fairly big feet. They're 3 sizes bigger than my sister's and 2 sizes bigger than my mum's.
4) I'm fairly tall in comparison to female members of my family; over 4 inches taller than my sister for example.
5) I have a fairly muscular build and managed to build footballer thighs.
6) I have large shoulders and a fairly big build. By contrast, my mother and sister have slight builds.
7) I have always had a slight Adam's apple but more through feeling it because of my crappy anatomy (I lack a proper chin and even if I did get a better Adam's apple, it never shows up well in people with this problem).
All this and you know what my natural levels pre-T were? 2.5nmol/l. Normal range for males = ~ 9 - 35 nmol/l. However, for young individuals the optimum is ~17+, but it should be noted that during puberty, levels are often higher.
So as you can see, I wasn't even close and yet I had some of the desired features of being on T, just nowhere near enough, even at what's considered more high range for females.
The thing is that T boosting supplements, even for cic males do not jump levels 100%, even the most enthusiastic of claims is closer to 50% above that individual's normal level, so how can we get to natural male levels?
The following are the specific supplements I currently know about:
- This is an amino acid present in neuroendocrine tissue, This plays a role in synthesis of LH (luteinizing hormone) which signals for the release of T from the testes. DAA leads to greater release of T from the testes as well as increases levels too.
In cis males this can cause an increase of around 40% of their normal, much higher T levels. This alone would not bring female levels to a male range, not to mention the fact that we lack testes where the action is mainly taking place.
- 3 ingredients, Zinc, Magnesium and vit B6. Used mostly by athletes as depletion of these minerals is normal in harder activity.
Zinc is involved in actions of several hormones including hGH, T and E. In athletes with zinc deficiency, T levels can go down. Zinc helps bring levels back up. Increases can be up to double.
Magnesium is involved in a ton of processes and with its involvement in glycolysis, krebs cycle, amino acid activation, protein synthesis, etc, deficiency can lead to lower T levels.
Vit B6 can boost the T to cortisol ratio.
Combination of the 3 can result in increase of around 30% in free T levels, but found to be more so for individuals with deficiencies in these minerals being the reason they lack T.
- A plant extract that contains steroidal sponins that
may increase T. Portodiosin (sp) is one of these saponins and
may increase T by stimulating the pituitary gland to increase production of LH (not known for definite to occur) and this can increase free-T levels, but like DAA, requires primarily the testes for this to take place.
- Much of the T in our bodies is bound by Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) and is therefore ineffective in things like muscle growth. Only free T causes the attributed T effects, both anabolic (muscle mass) and adrogenic (masculinisation and sexualisation).
This is believed to bind with SHBG and stop if from being able to bind with T and therefore increase free-T levels. Again though, this is assuming much higher levels of overall T, not normal for females.
- This hormone is naturally found secreted by adrenal gland. It works on androgen receptors of androstenediol and androstenedione, both of which convert to produce T and E. It's thought that using this as a supplement will lead to it being converted to T and therefore increase T levels. This is, however, useless to anyone under the age of around 30 (levels are at their peak from early 20s to 30s) and is actually banned by several sport authorities too, even though results are contested regarding whether it actually works.
- Necessary for metabolic processes including production of T but only in restoring levels in the event of a deficiency in natural fatty acids.
- Epimedium (Horny Goat Weed)
- Contains icariin which has increased T levels in rats but no studies thus far have replicated said effects in humans.
- This really just helps reduce E, more important for males taking T boosters to ensure that any converted T > E is eliminated ASAP. Chrysin is also used for the same reason - it inhibits the aromatase enzyme that helps cause the T>E conversion.
It's way too huge a jump to be expected or maintained. If you're genuinely getting the results you're getting, it more suggests that you maybe have an unnaturally high level as a norm, and since you've never had your T levels checked, we can't know for sure if your levels were either naturally pretty high, or even high enough to be in normal male range now.
On face value, your results are unexpected and if you truly are getting those results then I'd suggest you talk to a doctor and get it all checked out and find out your levels. There's medical conditions that can cause high levels of T in females, e.g. PCOS or adrenal tumours. Hell even some degree of gigantism, which would account for any growth, like your feet. So my advice would be to get yourself checked out to be on the safe side.
If I've missed out any supplements then you can let me know, but those are the ones I know about. None of the results for the above would give folk in a normal female range a normal male range, especially when the ones with the best results really do require a higher natural T level or actual testes to bring about increases. And considering the percentage increase, it's still not enough anyway.