Was not that a common conception that women are safer drivers then men (and thus less likely to get into accidents and should pay less insurance)?
Anyway, back to the point

. I also agree with posters above that in some situations this is more about how people perceive You instead of your marker.
1.Jail time - I dunno, I try to stay away from trouble. But this summer I had very curious legal case to work on and it involved doing research on criminology and penology patterns on a gender based perspective, and there are a lot of differences between both genders (unsurprising). Besides, there is common agreement that male and female inmate populations are like two different worlds and thus should not be treated similarly (similar treatment in that area usually leads to more severe and restrictive prison regime for women - which is entirely unnecessary (especially since historicaly women prisons were simply based on the model of male prisons without giving an extra thought). Risks are different from male inmale population, inmate-inmate, inmate-staff interactions are different, everything is different).
2. Salesmen tend to flirt with me now, and sometimes I get a lot of "patronising" lectures on topics I am quite savvy myself. Which can be annoying, but I have learned to cut that down. I dont mind pretending stupid what concerns fixing bikes and househould appliances/electricity/water. First time in my life I was offered a minor fix for free (something just unscrewed itself and the repair guy fixed it in 15 secs with a smile) - but I insisted on paying at least a minor sum and ended up with buying there something that I needed. So, I go to that repair shop now whenever I need it, and they fix it withing 10-15 minutes if they can - I used to go there before (they did not recognise me anymore) and it used to be the way that I left the bike with them and waited for their call after X hours.
Security/law-enforcement guys are much more friendly - I can get all sorts of directions, advices, suggestions - especially with traffic police (and if I have my daughter strapped into bike child seat then they are extremely polite).
If I am with my child, men treat me like we are sort of sacred ones - I can get a seat in full public transport (not from the older grumpy ladies... they pretend like we are not there), and they try to get out of our way when we are walking

. Yet, when I am alone, sometimes I get pushed around in public transport more than it used to be (by guys mostly).
When travelling/carrying big stuff, I can count on guys helping me out (not that I always need it, but sometimes I do appreciate it very much - hurling 20 kg of luggage to the upper shelf - and getting it down afterwards - is now a serious issue).
Women are more friendly and inclusive. I have never had older ladies chatting me up in grocery stores and ending with giving me culinary advices, lol

. In public transport women would choose a seat next to me instead of a guy - and I usually do the same. I try not to take a seat next to guy - especially if he is sitting in the aisle - after I made the mistake of taking empty seat at the window and then got blocked by a drunken dude who wanted communication.
I have experiences several cases of gender (not trans) based harrasment, but there were just a few - still it was annoying and not very welcomed experience. I cannot really see it as some sort of validation because I honestly hated every second of it. Especially catcalling - you have to pretend they are not there, because if you react (even negatively) then they win.
3. No, I work in the government job and we all are getting paid basing on our qualification classes and work experience.
4. No, because it is government job and we apply different criteria. In fact, I am seriously hoping that I will not get a promotion anytime soon, cause that could lead to extra exposure.