Pre-
Christian? Do you mean that in the sense of conquistadores -- i.e., pre-colonial? Otherwise, wouldn't you have to go back further? If my smattering of recollections from high school world history serves me, I thought patriarchy was pretty well entrenched in Western civilization by the time Jesus got around to being born -- certainly in Greek, Roman, and Hebrew culture, and even (I thought) in ancient Egyptian and early Mesopotamian civilizations.
Elsewhere, that's a different story, though I patriarchy was pretty well established in China by the Han dynasty, too, as reflected in Confucianism -- or did Confucianism become more patriarchal with time?
(I don't mean to hijack -- I think this is relevant to the OP because it's about how our current notions of "what it means" came to be.)
I'm not sure about this chalice-and-blade business in general. I was being flippant about Dan Brown (my problem was mainly with the repetitive structure of his book -- cliff-hanger / narrow escape / not-so-shocking revelation, repeated ad nauseam), but I do tend to get a bit touchy about traditional gender constructions. Since I defy gender conventions for a living, since I work with a lot of men who don't even seem to notice what an exclusively male culture my work environment can be, and after seeing so many women get turned away from my field by various social pressures, I tend to hear statements of traditional gender roles as something of a threat.
I guess what's bothering me is this:
Quote from: FairyGirl on July 16, 2010, 06:27:14 AMI don't have to resort to traditional male behaviors to prove I'm strong or capable.
I agree -- neither do I. But there's something important missing for me: I don't have to
avoid traditional male behaviors to prove I'm a woman. If I did, couldn't call myself my mother's daughter. When I do traditionally male things, I'm usually just following in her footsteps.