There definitely are places which practice informed consent (or should I say informed consent only) without therapy. There is a place here where basically you are given a list of the side effects and many possible effects of hormones and then are asked to sign it. You have to have labs. No therapist or counselor of any kind and no intake. I had what was likely to be considered to be informed consent for T. My PA asked me numerous questions. I imagine she could have refused, she kind of wanted to know what my support system looked like, what my general health was, and so on. That was pretty much it, there was no long involved system and I didn't sign any forms (though I think this is typical of a formal "informed consent" system). I had labs. And basically got my T within 2 weeks after I saw her (and one physical appointment). I've heard the clinic above is faster.
The Transgender Resource Center here in Albuquerque (awesome place) did a training on informed consent following the standards set by the Center for Excellence for Transgender Health here:
http://transhealth.ucsf.edu/trans?page=protocol-hormone-readyNone of this involves having mental health personnel assess the patient, but most likely involves history taking.
Quite a lot of people will take hormones illegally including the use and exchange of needles so there is great benefit to getting people into the legal system with medical supervision.
Some of the centers you mention would likely do some kind of intake, but that's because they are clinics and clinics in the US typically use intake procedures done by social workers. This doesn't necessarily mean these are in depth procedures to access diagnosis. Some of these may be informed consent in name only. If lengthy psychological or team evaluations are involved, I don't know what the point of informed consent is.
FTM top surgery is sometimes performed via informed consent. I think it is nearly unheard of (in the US) for bottom surgery.
I have no idea how it is practiced in Australia, but the idea that informed consent always (or even mostly) everywhere includes therapy isn't really true.
--Jay